Green tea and catechin

What makes green tea so special? The secret of green tea lies in the fact it is rich in catechin polyphenols, particularly epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). EGCG is a powerful anti-oxidant: besides inhibiting the growth of cancer cells, it kills cancer cells without harming healthy tissue. It has also been effective in lowering LDL cholesterol levels, and inhibiting the abnormal formation of blood clots.The latter takes on added importance when you consider that thrombosis (the formation of abnormal blood clots) is the leading cause of heart attacks and stroke.

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Catechins make up some 10% of the dry weight of fresh tea leaf The concentration of catechins is higher in green and white tea. In black tea the oxidation process allows polyphenol oxidase to oxidize the polyphenols and so inactivates the catechins.

Tea contains four main catechin substances: catechin (EC), epicatechin gallate (ECg), epigallocatechin (EGC) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg). Catechin gallates are esters of a catechin and callic acid whereas gallocatechins have the same carbon skeleton as other catechins but have an extra hydroxyl function. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the one most abundant catechins in tea. EGCG as an antioxidant is about 25-100 times more potent than vitamins C and E.

Tea, catechins and antioxidants One cup of green tea provides 10-40 mg of polyphenols and has antioxidant effects greater than a serving of broccoli, spinach, carrots, or strawberries.The high antioxidant activity of green tea makes it beneficial for protecting the body from oxidative damage due to free radicals. Research shows that green tea may help the arterial wall by reducing oxidized lipids.Green tea can protect against experimentally induced DNA damage, and slow or halt the initiation and progression of undesirable cell colonies. Studies show evidence that green tea provides immunoprotective qualities, particularly in the case of person undergoing radiation or chemotherapy. White blood cell count appear to be maintained more effectively in persons consuming green tea compared to non-supplemented persons.

Today, scientific research in both Asia and the west is providing hard evidence for the health benefits long associated with drinking green tea. For example, Journal of the National Cancer Institute published the results of an epidemiological study indicating that drinking green tea reduced the risk of esophageal cancer in Chinese men and women by nearly sixty percent. University of Purdue researchers recently concluded that a compound in green tea inhibits the growth of cancer cells. There is also research indicating that drinking green tea lowers total cholesterol levels, as well as improving the ratio of good (HDL) cholesterol to bad (LDL) cholesterol. To sum up, here are just a few medical conditions in which drinking green tea is reputed to be helpful: cancer ,rheumatoid arthritis ,high cholesterol levels ,cariovascular disease ,infection ,impaired immune function.

Links are being made between the effects of drinking green tea and smoking. The answer was found to lie in green tea, which contains resveratrol, a polyphenol that limits the negative effects of smoking and a fatty diet. Researchers determined that EGCG is twice as powerful as resveratrol, which may explain why the rate of heart disease among Japanese men is quite low,even though approximately seventy-five percent are smokers.

Other Benefits New evidence is emerging that green tea can even help dieters. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition published the results of a study at the University of Geneva in Switzerland. Researchers found that men who were given a combination of caffeine and green tea extract burned more calories than those given only caffeine. Green tea can even help prevent tooth decay! Just as its bacteria-destroying abilities can help prevent food poisoning, it can also kill the bacteria that causes dental plaque. Meanwhile, skin preparations containing green tea - from deodorants to creams - are starting to appear on the market.

To date, the only side effect reported from drinking green tea is insomnia due to the fact that it contains caffeine. Green tea contains less caffeine than coffee: there are approximately 30-60 mg. of caffeine in 6-8 ounces of tea, compared to over 120 mg. in 8 ounces of coffee.

Japanese report stating that person who drank 10 cups of green tea per day stayed cancer-free for 3 years longer than person who drank less than 3 cups a day there are approximately 240 - 320 mg of polyphenols in 3 cups of green tea. Meanwhile, a study by a University concluded that drinking four or more cups of green tea per day could help prevent rheumatoid arthritis, bladder,colon,esophageal,pancreas,rectum,stomack,prostate,lever,lung,cancer, or reduce symptoms in individuals already suffering from the disease. And Japanese scientists discovered that there were fewer recurrances of breast cancer, and the disease spread less quickly,in women with a history of drinking 5 cups or more of green tea daily.

The catechin in green tea prevents viruses from adhering and causing harm. Catechin reacts with toxins created by harmful bacteria many of which belong to the protein family and harmful metals such as lead, mercury, chrome, and cadmium.

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